The Following Experiment Is Used for the Following Question

question 30

Multiple Choice

The following experiment is used for the following question.
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look like oak flowers, but caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight identical cups. The eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the four temperature and light conditions listed below.

In each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers, the other oak leaves. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets) .
Recall that eggs from the same female were exposed to each of the eight treatments used. This aspect of the experimental design tested which of the following hypotheses?

• A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twig-like caterpillars.
• B) Differences in air pressure, due to elevation, trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
• C) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
• D) The differences are genetic. A female will either produce all flowerlike caterpillars or all twig-like caterpillars.

Describe strategies to promote inter-ethnic cohesion and understanding.

Understand the definitions and differences between mental set and functional fixedness in problem-solving contexts.

Recognize various classic problem-solving experiments and their strategies, such as working backward.

Differentiate between reasoning from analogies and the cognitive processes used in solving well-defined versus ill-defined problems.

---

Definitions:

Allocortex

A type of cortical tissue in the brain with fewer layers than the neocortex, involved in functions such as olfaction and emotion.

Perceptual World

The perceptual world refers to an individual's subjective interpretation and understanding of the external environment through sensory input.

Motivational States

Psychological conditions that drive individuals to act towards a goal or fulfil a need.

Hypothalamus

A region of the brain below the thalamus that coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems.