Biological Systems Use Free Energy Based on Empirical Data That

question 62

Multiple Choice

Biological systems use free energy based on empirical data that all organisms require a constant energy input. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following statements is an important consequence of this first law?

• A) The energy content of an organism is constant except for when its cells are dividing.
• B) The organism must ultimately obtain all the necessary energy for life from its environment.
• C) The entropy of an organism decreases with time as the organism grows in complexity.
• D) Organisms are unable to transform energy from the different states in which it can exist.

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Definitions:

Direct Labor Time Variance

The difference between the estimated time to produce a good or service and the actual time taken, multiplied by the hourly labor rate.

Direct Labor

This references the cost of labor that can be directly attributed to the manufacture or production of specific goods or services.

Cost Variance

The difference between the expected (budgeted) cost of an activity and the actual cost incurred, used in budgeting and financial reporting to monitor performance.

Standard Cost

A predetermined cost of manufacturing, projecting what each product should cost under normal conditions.