After the Drought of 1977, Researchers Hypothesized That on the Galápagos

question 29

Multiple Choice

After the drought of 1977, researchers hypothesized that on the Galápagos Island Daphne Major, medium ground finches with large, deep beaks survived better than those with smaller beaks because they could more easily crack and eat the tough Tribulus cistoides fruits. A tourist company sets up reliable feeding stations with a variety of bird seeds (different types and sizes) so that tourists can get a better look at the finches. Which of these events is now most likely to occur to finch beaks on this island?

• A) evolution of yet larger, deeper beaks over time, until all birds have relatively large, deep beaks
• B) evolution of smaller, pointier beaks over time, until all birds have relatively small, pointy beaks
• C) increased variation in beak size and shape over time
• D) no change in beak size and shape over time

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Definitions:

Certainty

The state of being completely confident or having an absolute conviction about something, without doubt.

Risk and Uncertainty

Refers to situations where the outcomes or consequences of actions are unknown, with risk implying some knowledge of probability and uncertainty indicating a complete lack of predictability.

Personal Judgments

Opinions or decisions formed by individuals based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions, often without external input or influence.

Certainty

The state of being confident and free from doubt about something, often implying a high degree of belief in the accuracy or truth of an outcome or fact.