The Following Question Is Based on Information from Frank M

question 44

Multiple Choice

The following question is based on information from Frank M. Frey, "Opposing Natural Selection from Herbivores and Pathogens May Maintain Floral-Color Variation in Claytonia virginica (Portulacaceae) ," Evolution 58(11) , 2004: 2426-37.
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white, to pale pink, to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two) , and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?

• A) The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
• B) The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
• C) The distribution of flower colors should not change.
• D) The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.

---

Definitions:

Habituation

The gradual reduction of a response to a stimulus after repeated exposure to it.

Schemas

Cognitive structures or mental frameworks that help individuals organize and interpret information based on past experiences and knowledge.

Psychosocial Development

Refers to the theory by Erik Erikson that human development is a life-long process divided into eight stages, each characterized by a different psychological conflict that needs resolution.

Cognitive Development

The growth and change in intellectual/mental abilities such as thinking, reasoning, and understanding over the lifespan.