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Giardia intestinalis is an intestinal parasite of humans and other mammals that causes intestinal ailments in most people who ingest the cysts. Upon ingestion, each cyst releases two motile cells, called trophozoites. These attach to the small intestine's lining via a ventral adhesive disk. The trophozoites anaerobically metabolize glucose from the host's intestinal contents to produce ATP. Reproduction is completely asexual, occurring by longitudinal binary fission of trophozoites, with each daughter cell receiving two haploid nuclei (n = 5) . A trophozoite will often encyst as it passes into the large intestine by secreting around itself a case that is resistant to cold, heat, and dehydration. Infection usually occurs by drinking untreated water that contains cysts.
The mitosome of Giardia has no DNA within it. If it did contain DNA, then what predictions should we be able to make about its DNA?
Sound Frequencies
Refers to the number of vibrations or cycles per second of a sound wave, measured in Hertz (Hz), impacting the pitch of the sound.
Gate-Control Theory
A theory that explains how the perception of pain is not just a direct result of activating pain fibers but is also modulated by interplay between different neurons in the spinal cord.
Pain Sensations
The subjective experience of discomfort or hurt, resulting from the stimulation of specialized nerve cells, often signaling harm or injury.
Spinal Cord
A long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue, which extends from the brain down through the backbone, carrying nerve impulses to and from the brain to the rest of the body.
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