Opponents of Licensing for Public Relations Practitioners Raise What Constitutional

question 12

Multiple Choice

Opponents of licensing for public relations practitioners raise what Constitutional issue(s) as the major obstacle(s) to state licensing in the United States?

• A)Compelling state interest and freedom of expression
• B)Freedom of individual choice protected by the Constitution
• C)Differences in "public relations" practiced in one state compared to in another
• D)Imposition of educational requirements and testing is unconstitutional
• E)Tenth Amendment forbids regulation of occupations and admission to practice

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Definitions:

Uncertain

The state of being not exactly known, established, or defined, often leading to ambiguity or unpredictability.

Specialized Cognitive Mechanisms

Brain functions or structures evolved to solve specific problems of survival or reproduction.

Evolutionary Perspective

An approach in psychology that explains mental and psychological traits—such as memory, perception, or language—as adaptations, i.e., as the functional products of natural selection.

Inferential Heuristics

Mental shortcuts that allow individuals to make judgments and solve problems quickly but can sometimes lead to errors in reasoning.