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Use the Following Information to Answer the Question

question 66

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question.
There is much discussion in the media about protecting biodiversity. But does biodiversity really matter? Canadian and Swiss researchers wanted to know if the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was important to the productivity of grasslands (M.G.A. van der Heijden, J. N. Klironomos, M. Ursic, P. Moutoglis, R. Streitwolf-Engel, T. Boler, A. Wiemken, and I. R. Sanders. 1998. Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity, ecosystem variability, and productivity. Nature 396:69-72) . Specifically, they wanted to know if it mattered which specific AMF species were present, or just that some type of AMF was present. They grew various plants in combination with one of four AMF species (A, B, C, and D) , no AMF species (O) , or all four AMF species together (A + B + C + D) ; and they measured plant growth under each set of conditions. All plant species were grown in each plot, so they always competed with each other, with the only difference being which AMF species were present.
On the graphs, the x-axis labels indicate the number and identity of AMF species (bar 0 = no fungi; bars A - D = individual AMF species; bar A + B + C + D = all AMF species together) . The y-axis indicates the amount (grams) of plant biomass for the species shown in italics above each graph.

Definitions:

Gain-Sharing

A performance-based compensation strategy where employees receive bonuses based on the company's savings or increased profitability due to their efforts.

Pay Secrecy

Policies or practices that restrict employees from sharing or discussing their salary information with others.

Merit Pay Plan

A compensation strategy that rewards employees based on their performance and achievements rather than their position or seniority.

Unethical Behaviour

Actions that violate moral or professional standards of conduct.