Early Fungi Probably Formed Mutualistic Associations with Early Plants, Providing

question 56

Multiple Choice

Early fungi probably formed mutualistic associations with early plants, providing nutrients to the plant and receiving energy-containing compounds. Evidence that plants' ability to form a mutualistic association with fungi is due to ancient genes includes which of the following occurrences?

• A) presence of genes in the earliest fungi that showed an ability to digest cellulose and lignin
• B) presence of genes for chitin in the oldest flowering plants and oldest fungi
• C) fossils that show hyphae wrapped around seeds
• D) restoration of the ability to form mycorrhizae with fungi by a flowering plant after biologists transferred a gene from a liverwort to the flowering plant

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Definitions:

Saint-Sernin

A Romanesque church located in Toulouse, France, known for its architectural significance and role in the pilgrimage route to Santiago de Compostela.

Carolingian Westworks

Carolingian Westworks pertains to the monumental western front of a Carolingian church, often featuring multiple stories, towers, and an entrance hall, embodying the early medieval architectural innovation in Western Europe.

Ottonian Westworks

The monumental western entrance of a church, characteristic of the architecture of the Ottonian dynasty in Germany during the 10th and early 11th centuries.

Saint-Étienne

A French city renowned for its historical contributions to the textile industry and notable for its modern design and art culture.