Use the Following Information and Figures to Answer the Question

question 76

Multiple Choice

Use the following information and figures to answer the question.
Many terrestrial arthropods exchange gases with their environments by using tracheae, tubes that lead from openings (called spiracles) in the animal's exoskeleton or cuticle directly to the animal's tissues. Some arthropods can control whether their spiracles are opened or closed; opening the spiracles allows the carbon dioxide produced in the tissues to travel down the tracheae and be released outside the animal. Klok et al. measured the carbon dioxide emitted over time (represented by ⱽCO₂) by several species of centipedes. The figures present graphs of their results for two species, Cormocephalus morsitans and Scutigerina weberi.

Look at the graph for Scutigerina weberi (note the scale of the y-axis) in the figure. What is the best interpretation of these results?

• A) The centipede had its spiracles open the entire time.
• B) The centipede had its spiracles closed the entire time.
• C) The centipede had its spiracles open when carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission peaked and closed when CO₂ emission was low.
• D) The centipede had its spiracles closed when carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission peaked and open when CO₂ emission was low.

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Definitions:

Epistatic Alleles

Genetic alleles that mask the effect of alleles at other loci in determining phenotypic expression.

Highly Heritable

Describes traits or characteristics that are significantly influenced by genetics and can be passed from parents to offspring.

Beak Size

A specific trait of birds and some other animals, referring to the dimensions of the beak, which can vary widely among species and is often subject to natural selection.

Teosinte Branched 1

A plant gene responsible for the difference in plant architecture between modern maize and its wild ancestor, teosinte.