Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) Are Born in Freshwater Environments and Then

question 59

Multiple Choice

Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) are born in freshwater environments and then migrate to the sea. Near the end of their lives, they return to the freshwater stream where they were born to spawn. In fresh water, water constantly diffuses into the body and ions are lost from the body. In salt water, body water diffuses out of the body and excess ions are gained from the water. A salmon's gills have special cells to pump salt in or out of the body to maintain homeostasis. In response to the salmon's moves between fresh water and salt water, some cells in the gills are produced and others are destroyed. These changes made in the cells of the gills during the lifetime of an individual salmon are an example of which of the following?

• A) evolution
• B) trade-off
• C) acclimatization
• D) adaptation

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Definitions:

Generalization

The tendency to respond in the same way to different but similar stimuli.

Discrimination

Unjust or prejudicial treatment of people based on characteristics such as race, age, sex, or disability.

Generalization

The process in which the effects of a learned behavior spread from the original situation to new situations or stimuli that are similar.

Shaping

A method used in behavioral psychology to gradually guide someone towards a desired behavior by reinforcing successive approximations of the target behavior.