Jiao Is an 88-Year-Old Woman Who Is Fluent in Both

question 163

Multiple Choice

Jiao is an 88-year-old woman who is fluent in both English and Mandarin.What effect can we expect her bilingualism to have on her cognitive function?

• A)Her skill in verbal expression will decline in both languages more quickly than if she knew only one language.
• B)The effort of maintaining both languages will stress the language systems of the brain, leading to an increased risk of dementia.
• C)Her language skills will be maintained for a significantly longer time than other skills, such as numeracy or short-term memory.
• D)The mental exercise of using both languages will provide a "cognitive reserve," delaying the possible onset of dementia.

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A protected area of natural importance, established by a government, aimed at conservation and offering recreation opportunities.

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Progress which satisfies current requirements without hindering future generations from fulfilling their necessities.

Human Population Growth

The increase in the number of individuals in a human population, often discussed in terms of its impact on the environment and resources.