The Circulatory Systems of Bony Fishes, Rays, and Sharks Are

question 35

Multiple Choice

The circulatory systems of bony fishes, rays, and sharks are most similar to ________.

• A) those of birds, with a four-chambered heart
• B) the portal systems of mammals, where two capillary beds occur sequentially, without passage of blood through a pumping chamber
• C) those of sponges, where gas exchange in all cells occurs directly with the external environment
• D) those of humans, where there are four pumping chambers to drive blood flow

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Definitions:

Diseconomies of Scale

The phenomenon where production costs per unit increase as the scale of operation expands.

Computer Programmers

Professionals who write, test, and maintain the code that allows computer applications and software programs to function.

Salaries Increase

A salaries increase refers to the rise in the amount of money paid to employees for their work, often as a result of negotiations, performance evaluations, or inflation adjustments.

Economies of Scale

The cost advantage that arises with increased output of a product, where costs per unit decrease due to efficiencies gained from larger scale operations.