A Researcher's Decision Regarding Whether to Reject the Null Hypothesis

question 135

Multiple Choice

A researcher's decision regarding whether to reject the null hypothesis is based on:

• A) the researcher's a priori theory regarding expected group differences.
• B) independent confirmation by researchers in other laboratories.
• C) the probability that group differences would be observed if there was no effect of the independent variable.
• D) whether the results of the study have been replicated at least once.

---

Definitions:

Channel Proteins

Proteins embedded in the cell membrane that allow specific ions or molecules to pass through.

Carrier Proteins

Types of proteins that transport substances across a cell membrane by changing shape or binding and releasing the molecules.

Phospholipids

A class of lipids forming the major component of all cell membranes, characterized by a hydrophilic head and two hydrophobic tails.

Osmotic Pressure

The pressure required to prevent the flow of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane that separates two solutions with different concentrations.