One Way to Understand How Early Environment Influences Behaviors in Similar

question 47

Multiple Choice

One way to understand how early environment influences behaviors in similar species is through the "cross-fostering" experimental technique. Suppose that the curly-whiskered mud rat differs from the bald mud rat in several ways, including being much more aggressive. How would you set up a cross-fostering experiment to determine if environment plays a role in the curly-whiskered mud rat's aggression?

• A) You would cross curly-whiskered mud rats and bald mud rats and hand-rear the offspring to see if any grew up to be aggressive.
• B) You would place newborn curly-whiskered mud rats with bald mud rat parents and place newborn bald mud rats with curly-whiskered mud rat parents. Finally, let some mud rats of both species be raised by their own species. Then you would compare the outcomes.
• C) You would remove the offspring of curly-whiskered mud rats and bald mud rats from their parents, raise them in the same environment but without parents, and then compare the outcomes.
• D) You would replace normal newborn mud rats with deformed newborn mud rats to see if it triggered an altruistic response.

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Definitions:

Neural Tube Defect

A type of birth defect affecting the brain, spine, or spinal cord, occurring in the early stages of pregnancy due to the neural tube not closing completely.

Folic Acid

A form of vitamin B9 that is essential for the production of healthy red blood cells and is particularly important during periods of rapid growth such as pregnancy.

Supplement

A product taken orally that contains one or more ingredients (such as vitamins or amino acids) that are intended to supplement one's diet and are not considered food.

Neural Tube Defects

Birth defects of the brain, spine, or spinal cord that occur when the neural tube does not close completely during early fetal development.