Exhibit 14.5 The Following Questions Are Based on the Information Below

question 50

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 14.5
The following questions are based on the information below.
An investor is considering 4 investments, A, B, C, D. The payoff from each investment is a function of the economic climate over the next 2 years. The economy can expand or decline. The following decision tree has been developed for the problem. The investor has estimated the probability of a declining economy at 40% and an expanding economy at 60%.
-A(n) ____ is a course of action intended to solve a problem.

• A) decision
• B) criteria
• C) state of nature
• D) alternative

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Definitions:

Gross Margin

The difference between revenue and cost of goods sold, divided by revenue, expressed as a percentage; it measures how efficiently a company uses its resources to make products.

Predetermined Overhead Rate

An estimated rate used to allocate manufacturing overhead costs to individual units of production, based on a selected activity base such as machine hours or labor hours.

Machine-Hours

A unit of measure that represents the operational time of a machine, often used to allocate manufacturing overhead costs to products.

Unused Capacity

The available production or service facility that is not being used or is underutilized.