Exhibit 14.5 The Following Questions Are Based on the Information Below

question 100

Multiple Choice

Exhibit 14.5
The following questions are based on the information below.
An investor is considering 4 investments, A, B, C, D. The payoff from each investment is a function of the economic climate over the next 2 years. The economy can expand or decline. The following decision tree has been developed for the problem. The investor has estimated the probability of a declining economy at 40% and an expanding economy at 60%.
-The decision rule which selects the alternative associated with the smallest maximum opportunity loss is the

• A) maximax decision rule.
• B) maximin decision rule.
• C) minimax regret decision rule.
• D) minimin decision rule.

Acknowledge the significance of administrative burden and deadweight losses in a tax system.

Grasp the differences in revenue sources and spending priorities between federal and state/local governments.

Understand the fundamentals of tax generation and the types of taxes collected by state and local governments.

Recognize the concept and implications of deadweight loss in taxation.

---

Definitions:

Competitive Firm

A business that operates in a market where it must compete against other firms for customers and resources.

Economic Profit

The difference between a firm's total revenues and its total costs, including both explicit and implicit costs, representing the additional gain above the next best alternative investment.

Marginal Revenue

The rise in income generated by selling an extra unit of a product or service.

Maximizing Profit

The process of making business decisions that increase a firm's earnings to its highest possible level.