Refer to the Following:
a Forecaster Used the Regression Equation $Q _ { t } = a + b t + c _ { 1 } D _ { 1 } + c _ { 2 } D _ { 2 } + c _ { 3 } D _ { 3 }$

question 26

Multiple Choice

Refer to the following:
A forecaster used the regression equation
$Q _ { t } = a + b t + c _ { 1 } D _ { 1 } + c _ { 2 } D _ { 2 } + c _ { 3 } D _ { 3 }$
and quarterly sales data for 1996I-2013IV (t = 1, ..., 64) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and
$D _ { 1 } , D _ { 2 }$ and
$D _ { 3 }$ are dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.
$$\begin{array} { | l l l l l l } \hline \text { DEPENDENTVARIAELE: } & \text { aT } & \text { R-SQUARE } & \text { F-RATIO } & \text { P-VALUE ON F } \\\text { OESERVATIONS: } & 64 & \text { 0.8768 } & 107.982 & 0.0001 & \\& & \text { PARAMETER } & \text { STANDARD } & & \\\text { VARIAELE } & & \text { ESTIMATE } & \text { ERROR } & \text { T-RATIO } & \text { P-VALUE } \\\text { INTERCEPT } & & 30.0 & 12.8 & 2.34 & 0.0224 \\\text { T } & & 1.5 & 0.70 & 2.14 & 0.0362 \\\text { D1 } & & 10.0 & 3.0 & 3.33 & 0.0015 \\\text { D2 } & & 25.0 & 7.2 & 3.47 & 0.0010 \\\text { D3 } & & 40.0 & 15.8 & 2.53 & 0.0140 \\\hline\end{array}$$
-Using the estimation results given above, the predicted level of sales in 2014III is _______ units.

• A) 141.5
• B) 156
• C) 172
• D) 173.5
• E) none of the above

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Definitions:

Average Total Cost

A firm’s total cost divided by output (the quantity of product produced); equal to average fixed cost plus average variable cost.

Economies of Scale

Cost advantages that a business obtains due to expansion, leading to a reduction in the average cost per unit through increased production.

Diseconomies of Scale

The situation in which a business grows to a point where the costs per unit increase, opposed to saving costs, often due to managerial inefficiencies or complexity.

Constant Returns to Scale

A situation in which increasing the amount of all inputs used in production by a certain factor results in output increasing by the same factor.