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,where P is the price of good X, M is income, and is the price of a related good, R.
-If income increases to $100,000 and the price of the related good is now $20, what is the demand function?
Null Hypothesis
A statement used in statistical testing which proposes that no statistical significance exists in a set of given observations.
Test Statistic
A value calculated from sample data during a hypothesis test used to determine the probability of observing such a result if the null hypothesis is true.
Null Hypothesis
A default hypothesis that there is no effect, difference, or relationship between variables or conditions being studied.
P-Value
The probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the results actually observed during the test, assuming that the null hypothesis is correct.
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