Evaluate the Sum Using the Summation Formula and Property $\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { 45 } 4$

question 35

Multiple Choice

Evaluate the sum using the summation formula and property. $\sum _ { i = 1 } ^ { 45 } 4$

• A)160
• B)200
• C)190
• D)180
• E)170

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Definitions:

Bondholders

Individuals or institutions that hold the debt securities issued by corporations or governments, entitling them to interest payments and the repayment of principal.

Managers

Individuals responsible for overseeing and making decisions within a business to ensure its goals are met.

Reinvestment Risk

The risk that future proceeds from investments may have to be reinvested at a lower potential interest rate.

Coupon Rate

The interest rate that a bond issuer will pay to a bondholder, typically expressed as an annual percentage of the face value of the bond.