TABLE 16-8
the President of a Chain of Department Stores $\text { SUMMARY OUTPUT }$

question 192

Short Answer

TABLE 16-8
The president of a chain of department stores believes that her stores' total sales have been showing a linear trend since 1980. She uses Microsoft Excel to obtain the partial output below. The dependent variable is sales (in millions of dollars), while the independent variable is coded years, where 1980 is coded as 0, 1981 is coded as 1, etc.
$\text { SUMMARY OUTPUT }$

$\begin{array}{l}\text { Regression Statistics }\\\begin{array}{lr}\text { Multiple R } & 0.604 \\\text { RSquare } & 0.365 \\\text { Adjusted R Square } & 0.316 \\\text { Standard Error } & 4.800 \\\text { Obervations } & 17\end{array}\end{array}$

$\begin{array}{lc} & \text { Coefficients } \\\text { Intercept } & 31.2 \\\text { Coded Year } & 0.78\end{array}$


-Referring to Table 16-8, the fitted trend value (in millions of dollars) for 1980 is______ .

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Definitions:

Methodological Behaviorists

Researchers or psychologists who focus exclusively on observable behaviors and the ways these behaviors can be influenced or modified by environmental stimuli, without considering internal mental states.

Observable Behaviors

Actions or reactions of an individual in various situations, which are visible and measurable by others or through instruments.

Intervening Variables

Factors within a study that mediate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, potentially affecting the outcome.

Negative Reinforcement

a behavior modification technique where the removal of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome after the display of a desired behavior increases the likelihood of the behavior being repeated.