TABLE 12-1
a Study Published in the American Journal of Public

question 72

Multiple Choice

TABLE 12-1
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health was conducted to determine whether the use of seat belts in motor vehicles depends on ethnic status in San Diego County. A sample of 792 children treated for injuries sustained from motor vehicle accidents was obtained, and each child was classified according to (1) ethnic status (Hispanic or non-Hispanic) and
(2) seat belt usage (worn or not worn) during the accident. The number of children in each category is given in the table below.
$$\begin{array} { l| c c } &\text {Hispanic }&\text {Non-Hispanic}\\\hline\text { Seat belta worn } & 31 & 148 \\\text { Seat belta not worn } & 273 & 377\end{array}$$
-Referring to Table 12-1, which test would be used to properly analyze the data in this experiment?

• A) Wilcoxon signed ranks test for two related populations
• B) Wilcoxon rank sum test for independent populations
• C) ?² test for independence
• D) ?² test for differences among more than two proportions

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Definitions:

Trait Theory

A theory of personality that focuses on the identification and measurement of specific characteristics or traits that differentiate individuals.

Leadership Traits

Characteristics or qualities that are generally considered to contribute to an individual's effectiveness as a leader.

Leader Effectiveness

The extent to which a leader is able to inspire, influence, and enable others to contribute towards the success and objectives of an organization.

Contingent Leader Punishment

A leadership approach where the application of penalties or corrective measures by a leader is dependent on the specific circumstances or behaviors exhibited by team members.