TABLE 12-12
Recent Studies Have Found That American Children Are

question 201

Multiple Choice

TABLE 12-12
Recent studies have found that American children are more obese than in the past. The amount of time children spent watching television has received much of the blame. A survey of 100 ten-year-olds revealed the following with regards to weights and average number of hours a day spent watching television. We are interested in testing whether the average number of hours spent watching TV and weights are independent at 1% level of significance.
$\begin{array}{l|ccc|r} &{\text { TV Hours }} & \\\text { Weights } & 0-3 & 3-6 & 6+ & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { More than 10 lbs. Overweight } & 1 & 9 & 20 & 30 \\\text { Within 10 lbs. of normal weight } & 20 & 15 & 15 & 50 \\\text { More than 10 lbs. underweight } & 10 & 5 & 5 & 20 \\\hline \text { Total } & 31 & 29 & 40 & 100\end{array}$

-Referring to Table 12-12, what is the value of the test statistic?

• A) 15.483
• B) 69.744
• C) 18.889
• D) 8.532

---

Definitions:

Kin Selection

A biological approach that prioritizes the reproductive achievements of an organism's kin, sometimes sacrificing the organism's own life and reproductive potential.

Coefficient of Relatedness

A measure of the genetic similarity between individuals, used to predict the likelihood of altruistic behavior.

Evolution of Altruism

The process through which selfless behaviors that benefit other individuals at a cost to oneself become advantageous in evolutionary terms.

Group Selection

A theory in evolution proposing that natural selection operates on groups, not just individuals, for the survival benefit of the group.