TABLE 12-9
Four Surgical Procedures Currently Are Used to Install

question 174

True/False

TABLE 12-9
Four surgical procedures currently are used to install pacemakers. If the patient does not need to return for follow-up surgery the operation is called a "clear" operation. A heart center wants to compare the proportion of clear operations for the 4 procedures, and collects the following numbers of patients from their own records:
$$\begin{array}{l}\text {\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad Procedure }\\\begin{array} { l | r r r r | r } & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Clear } & 27 & 41 & 21 & 7 & 96 \\\text { Return } & 11 & 15 & 9 & 11 & 46 \\\hline \text { Total } & 38 & 56 & 30 & 18 & 142\end{array}\end{array}$$ They will use this information to test for a difference among the proportion of clear operations using a chi-square test with a level of significance of 0.05.
-Referring to Table 12-9, the decision made suggests that the 4 procedures do not all have the same proportion of clear operations.

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Definitions:

Parental Nurture

The care, love, and support that parents provide to their offspring, significantly impacting their emotional and physical development.

Insecure Attachment

A pattern of attachment in which individuals are unable to form stable and trusting relationships with others, often due to early negative experiences with caregivers.

Temperament

An individual's natural predisposition towards emotional reactivity and intensity, often observable from early in life.

Critical Periods

Specified times during early life when the development of specific abilities, skills, or knowledge occurs most readily.