In a Memory Experiment, Participants Were Shown a Form That

question 20

Multiple Choice

In a memory experiment, participants were shown a form that could be interpreted in more than one way. Half the participants were told, "Here is a picture of the sun." The other participants were told, "Here is a picture of a ship's steering wheel." Sometime later, participants were asked to draw the exact form they had seen earlier. The data indicate that

• A) participants' visual memories were distinct from their verbal memories, so participants were uninfluenced by the labels.
• B) participants' drawings were biased in a fashion that reflected the labels that they had been given earlier.
• C) the labels had called attention to the ambiguity of the figures, leading to improved memory accuracy.
• D) participants were able to remember only the labels, not the drawings.

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Definitions:

Omission Bias

A cognitive bias that involves the tendency to judge harmful actions as worse, or less moral, than equally harmful omissions (inactions).

Decisions

The method of selecting options through recognizing a decision, collecting information, and evaluating different solutions.

Effort

The amount of physical or mental energy expended to achieve a goal.

Incremental Theorist

A person who believes that abilities and intelligence can be developed through effort, practice, and dedication.