To Explain New Fertility Patterns in European Countries, Demographers Have

question 4

Multiple Choice

To explain new fertility patterns in European countries, demographers have developed two new theories. In these two new theories, the decline of fertility and the importance of immigration are the main topics. What are the names of these two theories?

• A) the first demographic transition and the second demographic transition
• B) the third demographic transition and the fourth demographic transition
• C) the second demographic transition and the third demographic transition
• D) the new demographic transition and the new fertility transition
• E) the transition of fertility behavior and the transition of immigration

---

Definitions:

Retained Earnings

The portion of a business's profits not distributed to shareholders as dividends but kept back in the company for reinvestment or to pay debt.

Sustainable Growth Rate

The maximum rate at which a company can grow its sales and earnings without increasing leverage or equity financing.

External Financing

Funds a company raises from outside sources, like bank loans, issuing bonds, or equity financing from investors, to support its operations and growth.

Total Asset Turnover

A financial ratio that measures how efficiently a company utilizes its assets to generate sales.