Which of the Following Has Not Been Associated with Aging

question 20

Multiple Choice

Which of the following has not been associated with aging in humans?

• A) loss of mitochondria
• B) 5kb and 7.4kb deletions in mtDNA of heart cells
• C) loss of cytochrome oxidase c genes
• D) mutations in mtDNA
• E) shortening of mtDNA telomeres

---

Definitions:

Arousal Theory

A theory in psychology that proposes individuals are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal.

Optimal Level

The most favorable or desirable degree of efficiency, concentration, or condition for a particular process or function.

Stimulation

The action of arousing interest, excitement, or activity in someone or something, or the condition of being stimulated.

Expectancy

A belief or anticipation regarding the likelihood that a specific outcome will occur as a result of certain actions or behaviors.