Mutations That Disrupt the Earliest Stages of Human Development Almost

question 19

Multiple Choice

Mutations that disrupt the earliest stages of human development almost always cause

• A) no effect.
• B) polydactyly.
• C) spontaneous abortion.
• D) disruption of the segmented body plan.
• E) immunodeficiency.

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Definitions:

Cognitive Dissonance

The mental discomfort experienced by an individual who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or ideas simultaneously.

Effort Justification

A phenomenon in which individuals attribute greater value to outcomes they had to put effort into achieving, often to reduce cognitive dissonance.

Ingratiation Theory

A psychological theory that explores how people attempt to make themselves appear more likable to others, often through flattery or other strategic behaviors.

Self-Serving Bias

The tendency to attribute positive outcomes to internal factors and negative ones to external factors, thereby protecting self-esteem.