In What Ways Did Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton Challenge

question 100

Essay

In what ways did Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton challenge prevailing ideas about the structure of the universe? What elements of that cosmology did they leave intact?

---

Definitions:

Appellate Courts

Courts that have the authority to review and change the decisions of lower courts, often focusing on legal errors rather than factual disputes.

Precedent

An earlier event or action regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.

Judicial Review

The power of courts to assess whether a law, policy, or executive action is in accord with the constitution or law.

Strict Construction

A legal philosophy that interprets the Constitution in a literal and narrow way, focusing closely on the text and the original intentions of the framers.