An Argument That Proceeds from Our Knowledge of an Effect

question 369

Multiple Choice

An argument that proceeds from our knowledge of an effect to a claim about the cause is:

• A) A categorical syllogism.
• B) An inductive argument.
• C) An argument from signs.
• D) A weak argument.
• E) A cogent argument.

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Definitions:

Contingent Reinforcement

A reward that is given only after a specific behavior is demonstrated, used to encourage that behavior in the future.

Desired Behavior

The specific actions or reactions that are sought after or encouraged within a given context or environment.

Contingency of Reinforcement

A principle that posits the effectiveness of a reward or punishment is dependent on the specific situation or context.

Punishment

The imposition of a penalty as retribution for an offense or undesirable behavior.