PART a Some Cashmere Sweaters Are Fashionable Garments, So Some

question 371

Short Answer

PART A Some cashmere sweaters are fashionable garments, so some cashmere sweaters are not suede jackets, for some suede jackets are not fashionable garments.
Which of the following correctly expresses the form of this argument? PART B
Which of the following substitutions proves the argument invalid?
A) C = animals, F = cats, S = mammals.
B) C = dogs, F = animals, S = mammals.
C) C = dogs, F = mammals, S = fish.
D) C= mammals, F = animals, S = dogs.
E) C = cats, F = mammals, S = animals.

• A) C = animals, F = cats, S = mammals.
• B) C = dogs, F = animals, S = mammals.
• C) C = dogs, F = mammals, S = fish.
• D) C= mammals, F = animals, S = dogs.
• E) C = cats, F = mammals, S = animals.

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Definitions:

Consumer Surplus

Consumer surplus is the difference between the total amount that consumers are willing and able to pay for a good or service versus the total amount that they actually do pay.

Producer Surplus

The difference between what producers are willing to accept for a good or service versus what they actually receive, typically measured as the area above the supply curve and below the market price.

Marginal Benefit

The heightened satisfaction or usefulness derived from the consumption of an extra unit of a good or service.

Marginal Cost

The cost added by producing one extra item of a product. It's a critical concept in economics for determining the optimum production level.