There Are Two Approaches to the Development and Testing of Hypotheses

question 9

Multiple Choice

There are two approaches to the development and testing of hypotheses: inductive and deductive. In the inductive method, the scientist gathers empirical data and from it arrives at a generalization. The inductive method proceeds from specific observations to a general conclusion. Using a deductive method, a scientist develops a general idea about a phenomenon, performs experiments, and from them makes specific predictions that can be tested again. Robert Leo Smith and Thomas M Smith, Ecology and Field Biology, 6^th edition

• A) Argument; conclusion: The inductive method ... to a general conclusion.
• B) Nonargument.
• C) Argument; conclusion: There are two approaches ... inductive and deductive.
• D) Argument; conclusion: using a deductive method ... can be tested again.
• E) Argument; conclusion: In the inductive method ... at a generalization.

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Definitions:

Abstinence Syndrome

A reaction that many individuals experience during treatment for barbiturate abuse. It occurs at the stage at which the user is no longer dependent, and is characterized by insomnia, headaches, aching all over the body, anxiety, and depression, and can last for months.

Recurrent Withdrawal

The experience of symptoms associated with discontinuation or reduction of substance use, especially after repeated cycles of cessation and relapse.

Treatment Relapse

The return of symptoms or the decline in a patient's state of health after a period of improvement.

Relapse Prevention

A strategy in addiction and mental health treatment focusing on identifying and managing high-risk situations to prevent a return to harmful behaviors.