It Is a Fact That Major Life Forms Now on Earth

question 163

Multiple Choice

It is a fact that major life forms now on earth were not at all represented in the past. There were no birds or mammals 250 million years ago. It is a fact that major life forms of the past are no longer living. There used to be dinosaurs and Pithecanthropus, and there are none now. It is a fact that all living forms came from previously living forms. Therefore, all present forms of life arose from ancestral forms that were different: birds arose from nonbirds and humans from nonhumans. R.C. Lewontin, "Evolution/Creation Debate: A Time for Truth"

• A) Argument; conclusion: It is a fact that all living forms ... previously living forms.
• B) Argument; conclusion: It is a fact that major life forms of the past are no longer living.
• C) Nonargument.
• D) Argument; conclusion: It is a fact that major life forms ... represented in the past.
• E) Argument; conclusion: All present forms of life ... forms that were different.

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Definitions:

Empowerment

Passing decision-making authority and responsibility from managers to group members.

Micromanagement

The close monitoring of most aspects of group member activities by the manager or leader.

Common Commitment

A shared pledge or dedication among a group of individuals towards a mutual goal or cause.

Ingratiation

A psychological technique where an individual attempts to become more likable and favorable to others through flattery or other means to gain their approval or advantage.