A Student Wants to Determine If Pennies Are Really Fair

question 2

Multiple Choice

A student wants to determine if pennies are really fair when flipped, meaning equally likely to land heads up or tails up. He flips a random sample of 50 pennies and finds that 28 of them land heads up. If p denotes the true probability of a penny landing heads up when flipped, what are the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses?

• A)H₀: p ≥ 0.5, H_a: p < 0.5.
• B)H₀: p ≤ 0.5, H_a: p ≠ 0.5.
• C)H₀: p = 0.5, H_a: p ≠ 0.5.
• D)H₀: p ≥ 28, H_a: p < 28.

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Definitions:

Referent Power

A form of influence based on identification with, adoration of, or respect for the leader or authority figure.

Centrality

The importance or influence of a node within a network, or of an individual within a social or organizational structure.

Substitutability

The extent to which one good or service can be replaced with another, indicating the ease with which products can serve as substitutes for each other.

Revenue Source

The origin or means through which an organization generates income, such as sales, subscriptions, or advertising.