Use the sum formulas to find the value of the sum that follows. 
Definitions:
Ivan Pavlov
A Russian physiologist best known for his work in classical conditioning, particularly his experiments with dogs.
Nausea-Inducing Agent
A substance that can provoke the sensation of nausea or vomiting.
Unconditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without any prior learning.
Aversive Conditioning
A behavioral technique that involves using negative stimuli to reduce or eliminate undesired behaviors.
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