If a Fair Penny Is Tossed Four Times and Comes

question 3

Multiple Choice

If a fair penny is tossed four times and comes up heads all four times, the probability of heads on the fifth trial is _____.

• A) 0
• B) 1/32
• C) 1/2
• D) 1/5

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Definitions:

Working Memory

A cognitive system that holds and manipulates information in short-term memory for reasoning and guidance of decision-making and behavior.

Maintenance Rehearsal

Using working memory processes to repeat information based on how it sounds (auditory information); provides only shallow encoding of information and less successful long-term storage.

Elaborative Rehearsal

Using working memory processes to think about how new information relates to yourself or your prior knowledge (semantic information); provides deeper encoding of information for more successful long-term storage.

Dual Coding

A theory suggesting that information is stored in both verbal and visual forms to facilitate memory retention.