Given the Argument: J ⊃ (E • Q) / ∼

question 97

Multiple Choice

Given the argument: J ⊃ (E • Q) / ∼ Q ⊃ L / (E ∨ M) ⊃ (L ∨ ∼ Q) / M ∨ J // L
This argument is:

• A) Valid.
• B) Invalid.
• C) Sound.
• D) Cogent.
• E) Uncogent.

---

Definitions:

Interaction

The mutual or reciprocal action or influence between entities or variables in a study.

Two-factor Factorial Design

An experimental setup that involves two independent variables and examines their interaction as well as the effect of each variable separately on the dependent variable.

Total SS

The total sum of squares, which quantifies the total variation in a dataset by measuring the sum of the squared differences from the mean.

Two-way Analysis of Variance

A statistical technique that evaluates the impact of two categorical independent variables on a continuous dependent variable.