What Is the Limitation of Reinforcement Theory in Explaining Changes

question 65

Multiple Choice

What is the limitation of reinforcement theory in explaining changes in behavior?

• A)It does not adequately describe the original behavior.
• B)It places too much emphasis on feelings and attitudes.
• C)Most behavior is, in fact, environmentally caused.
• D)It ignores the effect of rewards and punishments on behavior.
• E)It does not recognize the effect of cognitive variables.

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Definitions:

Phallic Stage

Freudian concept indicating the third stage of child psychosexual development, where the libido (sexual energy) focuses on genital organs.

Freud

Sigmund Freud, originating from Austria and a neurologist by profession, introduced the concept of psychoanalysis, which involves treating mental health issues via dialogue with a psychoanalyst.

Psychosexual Stages

A central element of Freudian theory positing that individual personality development occurs through five stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) from infancy to adulthood, each focusing on sexual pleasure from different body areas.

Id

Within the psychoanalytic framework, this refers to the segment of the psyche where innate primal impulses and fundamental processes become apparent.