PART a If Cell Phone Companies Screen Text Messages, Then $\begin{array} { l } \text { \text { If } C \text { then } F \text {. }}\\ \text {C }\\ \hline\text { F}\\\end{array}$

question 159

Essay

PART A If cell phone companies screen text messages, then freedom of speech is threatened. Thus, freedom of speech is not threatened, because cell phone companies do not screen text messages.
Which of the following correctly expresses the form of this argument? a. $\begin{array} { l } \text { \text { If } C \text { then } F \text {. }}\\ \text {C }\\ \hline\text { F}\\\end{array}$$\quad$ b. $\begin{array} { l } \text { not F}\\ \text {not C }\\ \hline\text {\text { If } C \text { then } F \text {. } }\\\end{array}$$\quad$ c. $\begin{array} { l }\text { All C ate } F \text {. }\\ \text {C }\\ \hline\text {F }\\\end{array}$

d. $\begin{array} { l } \text {If \( \mathrm{C} \) then \( \mathrm{F} \). }\\ \text {Not C. }\\ \text {Not F. }\\\end{array}$$\quad$ e. $\begin{array} { l } \text {If \( \mathrm{C} \) then \( \mathrm{F} \). }\\ \text {Not F. }\\ \text { Not C.}\\\end{array}$ PART B
Which of the following substitutions proves the argument invalid?
A) C = Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, F = George Washington was assassinated.
B) C = Joe Smith was beheaded, F= Joe Smith is dead.
C) C = Abraham Lincoln was beheaded, F = Abraham Lincoln is dead.
D) C = Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, F = Abraham Lincoln is dead.
E) C = Abraham Lincoln was beheaded, F = Abraham Lincoln is not dead.

• A) C = Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, F = George Washington was assassinated.
• B) C = Joe Smith was beheaded, F= Joe Smith is dead.
• C) C = Abraham Lincoln was beheaded, F = Abraham Lincoln is dead.
• D) C = Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, F = Abraham Lincoln is dead.
• E) C = Abraham Lincoln was beheaded, F = Abraham Lincoln is not dead.

---

Definitions:

Exercise

Exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness, overall health, and wellness, often involving repeated movements to improve strength, endurance, or flexibility.

Oxygen-Conserving Devices (OCDs)

Devices designed to enhance the efficiency of oxygen delivery, extending the use time of oxygen supplies for patients.

Expiratory Phase

The part of the breathing cycle when air is expelled from the lungs.

Chamber

A compartment or enclosed space, used in various contexts such as part of a firearm, heart, or device.