The Following Table Shows the Results of a Survey of 440

question 159

Essay

The following table shows the results of a survey of 440 authors by a (fictitious) publishing company: $$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } \hline & \begin{array} { l } \text { New } \\\text { Authors }\end{array} & \begin{array} { l } \text { Established } \\\text { Authors }\end{array} & \text { Total } \\\hline \text { Successful } & 80 & 40 & 120 \\\hline \text { Unsuccessful } & 140 & 180 & 320 \\\hline \text { Total } & 220 & 220 & 440 \\\hline\end{array}$$ ​
An author is chosen at random.
Compute the estimated probability that the author is established.

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Definitions:

Tedious Tasks

Tasks that are perceived as long-winded, repetitive, and boring, often requiring a high degree of effort and concentration over extended periods without providing much intrinsic reward.

Empowering Leadership

A leadership style that aims to give employees the authority, confidence, and tools needed to perform their jobs autonomously and effectively.

Delegating Power

The act of assigning authority or responsibility to another person to carry out specific activities or tasks.

Motivated

Having the drive, enthusiasm, or desire to act towards achieving goals or fulfilling needs.