The Following Table Shows the Results of a Survey of 340

question 70

Multiple Choice

The following table shows the results of a survey of 340 authors by a (fictitious) publishing company: $$\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } \hline & \begin{array} { l } \text { New } \\\text { Authors }\end{array} & \begin{array} { l } \text { Established } \\\text { Authors }\end{array} &{ \text { Total } } \\\hline \text { Successful } & 40 & 20 & 60 \\\hline \text { Unsuccessful } & 110 & 170 & 280 \\\hline \text { Total } & 150 & 190 & 340 \\\hline\end{array}$$ An author is chosen at random.
Compute the estimated probability of the event that the author is unsuccessful and new.

• A) \(\frac { 11 } { 34 }\)
• B) \(\frac { 1 } { 2 }\)
• C) \(\frac { 23 } { 34 }\)
• D) \(\frac { 11 } { 15 }\)
• E) \(\frac { 4 } { 15 }\)

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Definitions:

Causal Attribution

The process by which individuals determine the causes of events or behaviors, attributing them to internal dispositions or external situations.

Stable Internal

A belief that the cause of an event is due to stable, enduring factors within an individual.

Availability Heuristic

The tendency to assume that information that comes easily to mind (or is readily available) is more frequent or common.

Locus Of Causality

The position or place within an individual that determines where the cause of behavior is perceived to originate, whether internally (within oneself) or externally (outside factors).