A Biology Professor Claimed That the Proportions of Grades in His

question 21

Essay

A biology professor claimed that the proportions of grades in his classes are the same. A sample of 100 students showed the following frequencies. $$\begin{array} { | l | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Grade } & \text { A } & \text { B } & \text { C } & \text { D } & \text { F } \\\hline \text { Frequency } & 14 & 23 & 27 & 26 & 10 \\\hline\end{array}$$ Do the data provide enough evidence to support the professor's claim?

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Definitions:

Optimism

The tendency to maintain a generally hopeful outlook and to expect positive outcomes.

Type A Personality

A personality type characterized by competitiveness, urgency, aggression, and a constant sense of urgency.

Learned Helplessness

A situation in which someone endures a profound sense of being powerless, frequently due to undergoing a traumatic experience or constant lack of success.

Pessimism

A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen, encompassing a lack of hope or confidence in the future.