The Second Rule for Evaluating Inductive Generalizations Is to Look

question 10

Multiple Choice

The second rule for evaluating inductive generalizations is to look for disconfirming instances.How is this rule used to evaluate the strength of arguments by analogy?

• A)It cannot be used since inductive generalization has no relevance to arguments by analogy.
• B)The conclusion of the deductive step is a generalization, so we attempt to think of exceptions to that generalization.
• C)The conclusion of the inductive step is a generalization, so we attempt to think of exceptions to that generalization.
• D)The conclusion of the entire argument by analogy will be a generalization, so we attempt to think of exceptions to that generalization.
• E)We look for any premises that don't seem to support the conclusion and then exclude them from the argument to make it stronger.

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Definitions:

Cost of Paper

The expenditure associated with acquiring paper, which can vary based on type, quality, quantity, and market conditions.

Confidence Interval

A band of values, derived from empirical data, hypothesized to enfold the value of an unseen population parameter.

Prediction Interval

A range of values that is likely to contain the value of an unknown future observation within a specified confidence level.

Spread Residuals

The differences between observed values and the values predicted by a model, spread across the range of predicted values.