One Difference Between a Confounding Variable and a Proxy Variable

question 79

Multiple Choice

One difference between a confounding variable and a proxy variable is that:

• A)confirming causal relationships is made more difficult by confounding variables and easier by proxy variables
• B)confirming causal relationships is made more difficult by proxy variables and easier by confounding variables
• C)confounding variables cannot be studied at all, while proxy variables can
• D)proxy variables cannot be studied at all, while confounding variables can
• E)confounding variables occur in nature, whereas proxy variables are always put in place by humans

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Definitions:

Irony

The use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning, often for humorous or emphatic effect.

Wit

A form of intelligent humor, the ability to say or write things that are clever and usually funny.

Child-directed Speech

The adjusted way of speaking that adults use when talking to young children, often involving simplified vocabulary, higher pitch, and exaggerated intonation.

Higher Pitch

A tone that is perceived as having a higher frequency compared to another tone, often associated with sounds of a higher frequency.