Refer to the Figure

question 57

Multiple Choice

Refer to the figure. The clusters of structures shown in the figure are

• A) male cones where meiosis occurs to generate microgametophytes.
• B) male cones where mitosis occurs to generate megagametophytes.
• C) male cones composed of tightly sealed woody scales that protect the pollen grains.
• D) male cones composed of tightly sealed herbaceous scales that protect the microgametophytes.
• E) female cones composed of tightly sealed herbaceous scales that protect the megagametophytes.

---

Definitions:

Maximum Parsimony

A method in phylogenetics that seeks the simplest explanation or tree that requires the fewest evolutionary changes to explain observed data.

Data Matrix

A mathematical or logical array of data, arranged in rows and columns, used to represent statistical or computational information.

Tree Topologies

The arrangement and relationship of branches in a phylogenetic tree, representing evolutionary relationships among species.

Archaeopteryx

An early bird-like dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period, significant for its blend of avian and reptilian features.