At the Beginning of the Year, Kowalski Company Initiated a Quality

question 82

Multiple Choice

At the beginning of the year, Kowalski Company initiated a quality improvement program. The program was successful in reducing scrap and rework costs. To help assess the impact of the quality improvement program, the following data were collected for the current and preceding years: $\begin{array}{lrr}&\text { Freceding Year }&\text { Current Year }\\\text { Sales } & \$ 3,000,000 & \$ 3,000,000 \\\text { Quality training } & 3,000 & 4,500 \\\text { Material inspections } & 7,500 & 12,000 \\\text { Scrap } & 60,000 & 45,000 \\\text { Rework } & 120,000 & 75,000 \\\text { Product inspection } & 15,000 & 30,000 \\\text { Product warranty } & 105,000 & 82,500\end{array}$ For the current year, prevention costs are what percentage of sales?

• A)1.50%
• B)0.65%
• C)0.15%
• D)0.05%

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Definitions:

Economies of Scale

Cost benefits that companies gain from their operation size, where the cost for each unit of production typically falls as the scale expands.

Constant Returns to Scale

A situation in production where increasing all inputs by a certain factor results in output increasing by the same factor.

Average Total Cost

The total cost divided by the quantity of output produced; it includes all variable and fixed costs.

Minimum Efficient Scale

The smallest scale of production at which long-run average total costs are minimized.