Benford's Law Claims That Numbers Chosen from Very Large Data $\alpha$

question 9

Multiple Choice

Benford's Law claims that numbers chosen from very large data files tend to have "1" as the first nonzero digit disproportionately often. In fact, research has shown that if you randomly draw a number from a very large data file, the probability of getting a number with "1" as the leading digit is about 0.301. Suppose you are an auditor for a very large corporation. The revenue report involves millions of numbers in a large computer file. Let us say you took a random sample of n = 499 numerical entries from the file and r = 131 of the entries had a first nonzero digit of 1. Let p represent the population proportion of all numbers in the corporate file that have a first nonzero digit of 1. Test the claim that p is less than 0.301 by using $\alpha$ = 0.01. What is the value of the test statistic?

• A)1.874
• B)-41.856
• C)-0.084
• D)0.084
• E)-1.874

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Definitions:

Equation of Exchange

The equation of exchange is a macroeconomic formula that relates the money supply, its velocity, the price level, and an index of expenditures in an economy, typically expressed as MV = PQ.

Nominal GDP

The gross domestic product measured in current prices, without adjusting for inflation, reflecting the value of all goods and services produced.

Money Supply

The total amount of monetary assets available in an economy at a specific time, including currency, demand deposits, and other liquid instruments.

Velocity of Money

The rate at which money circulates or is exchanged in an economy, used to indicate the economic activity level.