Which of the Following Actions Would Be Most Likely to Reduce

question 35

Multiple Choice

Which of the following actions would be most likely to reduce potential conflicts of interest between stockholders and bondholders?

• A) Compensating managers with stock options.
• B) Financing risky projects with additional debt.
• C) The threat of hostile takeovers.
• D) The use of covenants in bond agreements that limit the firm's use of additional debt and constrain managers' actions.
• E) Abolishing the Security and Exchange Commission.

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Definitions:

Return Requirements

The minimum level of income or profit desired by an investor from their investments.

Risk Tolerance

An investor's ability or willingness to endure market volatility and bear the risk of losing money.

Asset Allocation

The strategy of dividing an investment portfolio across various asset categories, such as stocks, bonds, and cash to optimize risk and return.

Efficient Portfolio Frontier

A curve representing the set of portfolios that offer the highest expected return for a given level of risk or the lowest risk for a given level of expected return.