Unintended Costs That Are Imposed in Third Parties as a Result

question 80

Multiple Choice

Unintended costs that are imposed in third parties as a result of an economic activity are called:

• A) marginal costs.
• B) direct costs.
• C) negative externalities.
• D) positive externalities.
• E) positive costs.

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Definitions:

Incomplete Dominance

A genetic phenomenon where the offspring's phenotype is a blend of the parents' phenotypes.

Codominance

A genetic scenario where two different alleles for a gene are both fully expressed in a heterozygous individual, leading to a dual phenotype.

Epistasis

An interaction between genes in which the effect of one gene is modified by one or several other genes, which can enhance, diminish, or suppress the expression of the first gene.

Pleiotropic Genes

Genes that have multiple effects on an organism's phenotype, influencing several different traits.