Which of the Following Statements Is Most Correct

question 9

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is most correct?

• A) If the dividend irrelevance theory (which is associated with the names Modigliani and Miller) were exactly correct, and if this theory could be tested with "clean" data, then we would find, in a regression of dividend yield and capital gains, a line with a slope of -1.0.
• B) The tax preference and bird-in-the-hand theories lead to identical conclusions as to the optimal dividend policy.
• C) If a company raises its dividend by an unexpectedly large amount, the announcement of this new and higher dividend is generally accompanied by an increase in the stock price. This is consistent with the bird-in-the-hand theory, and Modigliani and Miller used these findings to support their position on dividend theory.
• D) If it could be demonstrated that a clientele effect exists, this would suggest that firms could alter their dividend payment policies from year to year to take advantage of investment opportunities without having to worry about the effects of changing dividends on capital costs.
• E) Each of the statements above is false.

---

Definitions:

Autonomous Consent

The concept of an individual freely and voluntarily agreeing to something, based on full information and understanding, without any form of coercion.

Beneficence

The ethical principle that emphasizes acting in ways that promote the well-being and welfare of others.

Use Of Placebos

The administration of a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs or to harness the placebo effect in patient treatment.

Informed Consent

A process by which a patient voluntarily confirms their willingness to participate in a particular procedure, after understanding all the relevant risks, benefits, and alternatives.