[Solved] A call option whose underlying stock value is less than the corresponding exercise price is an example of a(n) A) Straddle option. B) Put option. C) Out-of-the-money option. D) Naked option. E) Covered option. Negative Reinforcement: Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing aversive stimuli. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: Negative reinforcement is not punishment.) Punishment: An event that tends to decrease the behavior that it follows. Positive Punishment: An operant conditioning principle where a response is followed by a stimulus, leading to a decrease in the likelihood of that response occurring in the future. Negative Reinforcer: A stimulus whose removal or avoidance following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.